I shouldn't really say "old-fashioned", but I couldn't think of another way to describe coffee makers that most people don't use anymore. The Pyrex coffee percolator pictured is the exact style of coffee pot that my mother and older sisters used when I was growing up in the 60s and 70s.
Pyrex
"Pyrex" is a word that was made up by Corning Incorporated in 1915. Although they sold the consumer products division in 1998, "Corning Incorporated" still appears at the Pyrex web portal. They no longer sell any kind of coffee pots, from what I can see.
Pyrex is a brand name that was synonymous with glass. It didn't matter what type of glass they used although they originally used borosilicate glass. I believe they now use soda lime glass. I also believe their glassware is tempered and heat resistant. I'm relying on memory, but I never saw any glass coffee percolators crack.
Operation
The glass coffee percolators that I've seen operate in the same ways. I understand there is another kind that operates a little differently, but I've never seen one in person.
Coffee grounds are placed in a basket at the top of long cylindrical tube which almost reaches the sides of the basket. I've never seen any baskets made from anything besides aluminum. The tube for a glass coffee percolator is also made of glass and the pedestal at the bottom, which rests against the bottom of the pot, is made of glass as well. In fact, the only other metal part of this particular coffee maker is the band that goes around it. I don't remember if the band served to secure the handle or not.
After the coffee is brewed to the point of completion, usually when the coffee is dark brown, the heat is lowered enough just to keep the coffee pot warm. I can remember many times when the coffee sat long enough to be considered burnt. It tasted nasty at that point. I used to watch the liquid percolate; I could see it hitting the inside knob of the lid. I think the lid was designed the way it was for exactly that reason.
During times of little money, my mother and siblings used to re-use the coffee grounds. It took longer for the coffee to brew the second time and it usually never got as dark as the first time. A third time was out of the question. I think automatic drip coffee grounds can't be used in the same way, but I've never tested any to find out.
Metal Coffee Percolators
A cursory search using Google Image Search will reveal coffee percolators of all kinds still in existence, though none quite like the image I found that matched what my mother used. There were others that I remember, like the metal coffee pots that were used during camping trips. They operated in the same way, but brewing time had to be estimated because the liquid couldn't be seen.
Some of the images I found on Google were misleading. Some younger people might be fooled when they see an image of a coffee decanter versus a coffee percolator. The decanters are only used to keep coffee hot for serving. They can't be used as coffee makers in any way, shape or form. Some of them appear to be metal and aren't — they're made of plastic that looks like metal.
Image Source
I spent hours going from website to website looking for the particular model to use as a thumbnail for this article. Trust me when I say that I only found one site that had it displayed and it was with a message that said "out of stock". It was a Japanese website, but for the life of me, I can't find it again. I'll be happy to credit the image to the appropriate source if someone can point it out to me. Because I believe in "fair use", I did not provide the larger, original image and the image used is at a much lower resolution.
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My mother just gave me her Pyrex coffee pot exactly like the one above yesterday. It is the same coffee pot she used when she began housekeeping in 1957 and the one I was raised watching, just like you. She used it forever and then has carted it around through the last four moves, which has been over the last 30+ years (thats what I call loyalty). She had quit using it because in her opinion, it made "worthless" coffee when you use it on an electric range (and you have to have a wire adapter in a sort of clover leaf pattern to use it on an electric range. If you just put it on the range coil, you can break your coffee pot) and she hasn't had a gas stove/oven in the last 30 years. I moved to another city, and I have gas for the first time. I have such fond memories of this coffee pot and drinking the coffee it made, but then I married about the same time she had her last gas range and I never had one of these. I have complained bitterly for years that the problem with my coffee at home is that it is never hot enough – electric just doesn't seem to get that very searing heat that I love. As long as you watch your heat and don't over-perk this, it makes the best coffee in the world. If its a bit too bitter for you, try using coffee with chicory. (I am from Texas and parts of my family were from Louisiana, so its easy to get where I live, but Trader Joes also carries it – its called New Orleans Style). I'm laughing about this now – apparently, the coffee must have been really good because I snatched that coffee pot when she offered it and 30 years later, I'm still impressed with how the coffee tasted! I can't wait to make the coffee today! Thanks for the fond memories.